نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه مطالعات سیاسی، بینالمللی و حقوقی پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم سیاسی، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The state, as a social and political institution, has long been the subject of extensive debate in the field of political philosophy. Political philosophy generally examines the principles, institutions, and power relations within society, seeking to answer questions such as "What type of government should rule over people?" and "What is the basis of a government's legitimacy?" In this context, various theoretical frameworks have been proposed throughout history by thinkers and philosophers from both Western and Islamic traditions. This article aims to comparatively analyze the philosophical foundations of the state and political system in the theoretical works of Western and Islamic thinkers, conducting a comparative examination of these two approaches. The study specifically focuses on the question of how Western and Islamic political theories regarding the state and political system align or differ from one another. The research assumptions are grounded in a comprehensive review of the views of Western thinkers such as Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, alongside those of Islamic scholars including Al-Farabi, Avicenna, Suhrawardi, Mulla Sadra, Allameh Tabatabai, Imam Khomeini, and other foundational thinkers. In this regard, while examining the theoretical foundations of these perspectives, the article provides an analysis of the "Theory of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist" in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The methodology of this research follows an analytical-comparative approach, employing historical and comparative analyses to scrutinize the philosophical and political underpinnings of these theories. Additionally, the study investigates the position of the Theory of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist within the framework of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with emphasis on "religious democracy." Consequently, this article seeks to highlight the prominent role of Islamic philosophy in shaping unique governmental models such as the Islamic Republic of Iran, which continues to stand firm against Western political systems.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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