Comparative comparison of western security schools with Islamic security schools

Considering the place of security in human life, different theories have always sought to interpret the concept of security and the mechanisms to achieve it, and the difference in the foundations of ontology, epistemology, methodology, and epistemology has led to the adoption of different approaches to security, and the two schools of realism and liberalism, As two main currents in international relations and Islam as a universal religion, they have presented different security approaches. The current research, using the descriptive/analytical research method and introducing the three schools mentioned, has done a comparative study of these three schools and seeks to present the difference in the views of these three schools in conceptualization, dimensions and mechanisms and operationalization of security indicators. The results of this research indicate that the pessimistic view of realism towards man and the international system and the focus on the war-oriented nature of the international system and the rule of force over relations have led to the adoption of a kind of security, confrontational and reductionist approach and emphasis on the military dimension of security. Also, the optimistic view of liberalism towards man and the international system and paying attention to the peaceful dimension of man and international relations and focusing on peace-oriented, led to adopt a type of security, interactive and optimistic approach with emphasis on the economic dimension and the level of individualistic analysis and the realistic view of Islam towards Human nature and the international system, according to the foundations of ontology, has led to the adoption of a security approach that is a combination of an interactive, confrontational and realistic approach based on comprehensive security and emphasis on various layers of security and the level of nationalistic analysis.